Tense Table

tense	Affirmative/Negative/Question	Use
Simple Present	A: He speaks. N: He does not speak. Q: Does he speak?	§  action in the present taking place once, never or several times §  facts §  actions taking place one after another §  action set by a timetable or schedule
Present Progressive	A: He is speaking. N: He is not speaking. Q: Is he speaking?	§  action taking place in the moment of speaking §  action taking place only for a limited period of time §  action arranged for the future
Simple Past	A: He spoke. N: He did not speak. Q: Did he speak?	§  action in the past taking place once, never or several times §  actions taking place one after another §  action taking place in the middle of another action
Past Progressive	A: He was speaking. N: He was not speaking. Q: Was he speaking?	§  action going on at a certain time in the past §  actions taking place at the same time §  action in the past that is interrupted by another action
Present Perfect Simple	A: He has spoken. N: He has not spoken. Q: Has he spoken?	§  putting emphasis on the result §  action that is still going on §  action that stopped recently §  finished action that has an influence on the present §  action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking
Present Perfect Progressive	A: He has been speaking. N: He has not been speaking. Q: Has he been speaking?	§  putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result) §  action that recently stopped or is still going on §  finished action that influenced the present
Past Perfect Simple	A: He had spoken. N: He had not spoken. Q: Had he spoken?	§  action taking place before a certain time in the past §  sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive §  putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration)
Past Perfect Progressive	A: He had been speaking. N: He had not been speaking. Q: Had he been speaking?	§  action taking place before a certain time in the past §  sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple §  putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action
Future I Simple	A: He will speak. N: He will not speak. Q: Will he speak?	§  action in the future that cannot be influenced §  spontaneous decision §  assumption with regard to the future
Future I Simple (going to)	A: He is going to speak. N: He is not going to speak. Q: Is he going to speak?	§  decision made for the future §  conclusion with regard to the future
Future I Progressive	A: He will be speaking. N: He will not be speaking. Q: Will he be speaking?	§  action that is going on at a certain time in the future §  action that is sure to happen in the near future
Future II Simple	A: He will have spoken. N: He will not have spoken. Q: Will he have spoken?	§  action that will be finished at a certain time in the future
Future II Progressive	A: He will have been speaking. N: He will not have been speaking. Q: Will he have been speaking?	§  action taking place before a certain time in the future §  putting emphasis on the course of an action
Conditional I Simple	A: He would speak. N: He would not speak. Q: Would he speak?	§  action that might take place
Conditional I Progressive	A: He would be speaking. N: He would not be speaking. Q: Would he be speaking?	§  action that might take place §  putting emphasis on the course / duration of the action
Conditional II Simple	A: He would have spoken. N: He would not have spoken. Q: Would he have spoken?	§  action that might have taken place in the past
Conditional II Progressive	A: He would have been speaking. N: He would not have been speaking. Q: Would he have been speaking?	§  action that might have taken place in the past §  puts emphasis on the course / duration of the action